Hbase单机安装手册

starlin 1,243 2018-01-10

Hbase单机安装手册

准备

  1. 下载hbase
    http://apache.claz.org/hbase/stable/

  2. 修改服务器的hostname（在这里坑了太长时间了，后面用Java连接Hbase的时候一直提示拒绝连接）

vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.235.128 starlin

vi /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=starlin

关闭防火墙

service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

本机绑定host

192.168.235.128 starlin

安装与部署

  • 安装

    tar -zxvf hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz

  • 配置

  1. 编辑conf/hbase-env.sh

    export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_45
    export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true

  2. 编辑conf/hbase-site.xml
    在启动Hbase前需要设置属性hbase.rootdir，用于指定Hbase数据的存储位置，在configuration添加

<property>
     <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
     <value>file:///tmp/hbase/hbase-tmp</value>
</property>

特别注意：hbase.rootdir默认为/tmp/hbase-$,这意味着每次重启系统都会丢失数据。

  • 启动

  1. 启动
    cd /tmp/hbase-1.2.6
    bin/start-hbase.sh

  2. 连接测试
    通过命令bin/hbase shell 进入shell

测试成功结果如下：

[starlin@localhost hbase-1.2.6]$ bin/hbase shell
2016-12-29 00:34:50,577 WARN [main] util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
HBase Shell; enter 'help' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017

hbase(main):001:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, > > 2.0000 average load

  1. 停止Hbase

[starlin@localhost hbase-1.2.6]$ stop-hbase.sh

  1. 用户信息界面
    启动成功后：http://192.168.235.128:16010/master-status

连接Hbase

  • java连接Habase，直接上代码
    package hbase;
 
    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
 
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class Hbase {
        // 声明静态配置
        static Configuration conf = null;
        static {
            conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            //conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "big-elephant-1:2181,big-elephant-3:2181,big-elephant-4:2181");
            conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "starlin:2181");
        }
 
        /*
         * 创建表
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         *
         * @family 列族列表
         */
        public static void creatTable(String tableName, String[] family)
                throws Exception {
            HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
            HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
            for (int i = 0; i < family.length; i++) {
                desc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(family[i]));
            }
            if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
                System.out.println("table Exists!");
                System.exit(0);
            } else {
                admin.createTable(desc);
                System.out.println("create table Success!");
            }
        }
 
        /*
         * 为表添加数据（适合知道有多少列族的固定表）
         *
         * @rowKey rowKey
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         *
         * @column1 第一个列族列表
         *
         * @value1 第一个列的值的列表
         *
         * @column2 第二个列族列表
         *
         * @value2 第二个列的值的列表
         */
        public static void addData(String rowKey, String tableName,
                String[] column1, String[] value1, String[] column2, String[] value2)
                throws IOException {
            Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));// 设置rowkey
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));// HTabel负责跟记录相关的操作如增删改查等//
                                                                        // 获取表
            HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = table.getTableDescriptor() // 获取所有的列族
                    .getColumnFamilies();
 
            for (int i = 0; i < columnFamilies.length; i++) {
                String familyName = columnFamilies[i].getNameAsString(); // 获取列族名
                if (familyName.equals("article")) { // article列族put数据
                    for (int j = 0; j < column1.length; j++) {
                        put.add(Bytes.toBytes(familyName),
                                Bytes.toBytes(column1[j]), Bytes.toBytes(value1[j]));
                    }
                }
                if (familyName.equals("author")) { // author列族put数据
                    for (int j = 0; j < column2.length; j++) {
                        put.add(Bytes.toBytes(familyName),
                                Bytes.toBytes(column2[j]), Bytes.toBytes(value2[j]));
                    }
                }
            }
            table.put(put);
            System.out.println("add data Success!");
        }
 
        /*
         * 根据rwokey查询
         *
         * @rowKey rowKey
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         */
        public static Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey)
                throws IOException {
            Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));// 获取表
            Result result = table.get(get);
            for (KeyValue kv : result.list()) {
                System.out.println("family:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
                System.out
                        .println("qualifier:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
                System.out.println("value:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
                System.out.println("Timestamp:" + kv.getTimestamp());
                System.out.println("-------------------------------------------");
            }
            return result;
        }
 
        /*
         * 遍历查询hbase表
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         */
        public static void getResultScann(String tableName) throws IOException {
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            ResultScanner rs = null;
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
            try {
                rs = table.getScanner(scan);
                for (Result r : rs) {
                    for (KeyValue kv : r.list()) {
                        System.out.println("row:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getRow()));
                        System.out.println("family:"
                                + Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
                        System.out.println("qualifier:"
                                + Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
                        System.out
                                .println("value:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
                        System.out.println("timestamp:" + kv.getTimestamp());
                        System.out
                                .println("-------------------------------------------");
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                rs.close();
            }
        }
 
 
        /*
         * 查询表中的某一列
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         *
         * @rowKey rowKey
         */
        public static void getResultByColumn(String tableName, String rowKey,
                String familyName, String columnName) throws IOException {
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
            Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
            get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName)); // 获取指定列族和列修饰符对应的列
            Result result = table.get(get);
            for (KeyValue kv : result.list()) {
                System.out.println("family:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
                System.out
                        .println("qualifier:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
                System.out.println("value:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
                System.out.println("Timestamp:" + kv.getTimestamp());
                System.out.println("-------------------------------------------");
            }
        }
 
        /*
         * 更新表中的某一列
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         *
         * @rowKey rowKey
         *
         * @familyName 列族名
         *
         * @columnName 列名
         *
         * @value 更新后的值
         */
        public static void updateTable(String tableName, String rowKey,
                String familyName, String columnName, String value)
                throws IOException {
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
            Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
            put.add(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName),
                    Bytes.toBytes(value));
            table.put(put);
            System.out.println("update table Success!");
        }
 
        /*
         * 查询某列数据的多个版本
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         *
         * @rowKey rowKey
         *
         * @familyName 列族名
         *
         * @columnName 列名
         */
        public static void getResultByVersion(String tableName, String rowKey,
                String familyName, String columnName) throws IOException {
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
            Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
            get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(familyName), Bytes.toBytes(columnName));
            get.setMaxVersions(5);
            Result result = table.get(get);
            for (KeyValue kv : result.list()) {
                System.out.println("family:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getFamily()));
                System.out
                        .println("qualifier:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getQualifier()));
                System.out.println("value:" + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
                System.out.println("Timestamp:" + kv.getTimestamp());
                System.out.println("-------------------------------------------");
            }
            /*
             * List<?> results = table.get(get).list(); Iterator<?> it =
             * results.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) {
             * System.out.println(it.next().toString()); }
             */
        }
 
 
        /*
         * 删除指定的列
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         *
         * @rowKey rowKey
         */
        public static void deleteAllColumn(String tableName, String rowKey)
                throws IOException {
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
            Delete deleteAll = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
            table.delete(deleteAll);
            System.out.println("all columns are deleted!");
        }
 
        /*
         * 删除表
         *
         * @tableName 表名
         */
        public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
            HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
            admin.disableTable(tableName);
            admin.deleteTable(tableName);
            System.out.println(tableName + "is deleted!");
        }
 
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
            // 创建表
            String tableName = "blog2";
            String[] family = { "article", "author" };
             creatTable(tableName, family);
 
            // 为表添加数据
 
            String[] column1 = { "title", "content", "tag" };
            String[] value1 = {
                    "Head First HBase",
                    "HBase is the Hadoop database. Use it when you need random, realtime read/write access to your Big Data.",
                    "Hadoop,HBase,NoSQL" };
            String[] column2 = { "name", "nickname" };
            String[] value2 = { "nicholas", "lee" };
            addData("rowkey1", "blog2", column1, value1, column2, value2);
            addData("rowkey2", "blog2", column1, value1, column2, value2);
            addData("rowkey3", "blog2", column1, value1, column2, value2);
 
            // 遍历查询
            getResultScann("blog2", "rowkey4", "rowkey5");
            // 根据row key范围遍历查询
            getResultScann("blog2", "rowkey4", "rowkey5");
 
            // 查询
            getResult("blog2", "rowkey1");
 
            // 查询某一列的值
            getResultByColumn("blog2", "rowkey1", "author", "name");
 
            // 更新列
            updateTable("blog2", "rowkey1", "author", "name", "bin");
 
            // 查询某一列的值
            getResultByColumn("blog2", "rowkey1", "author", "name");
 
            // 查询某列的多版本
            getResultByVersion("blog2", "rowkey1", "author", "name");
 
            // 删除一列
            deleteColumn("blog2", "rowkey1", "author", "nickname");
 
            // 删除所有列
            deleteAllColumn("blog2", "rowkey1");
 
            // 删除表
            deleteTable("blog2");
 
        }
    }

# HBase